Hlanza Izigaba Zegumbi

Hlanzaigumbikufanele ihlangabezane namazinga e-International Organisation of Standardization (ISO) ukuze ihlukaniswe.I-ISO yasungulwa ngo-1947 ukuze isebenzise izindinganiso zamazwe ngamazwe ezicini ezibucayi zocwaningo lwesayensi nezinqubo zebhizinisi, ezifana nomsebenzi wamakhemikhali, izinto eziguquguqukayo, nezinsimbi ezibucayi.Nakuba inhlangano yasungulwa ngokuzithandela, izindinganiso ezimisiwe ziye zabeka izimiso eziyisisekelo ezihlonishwa izinhlangano emhlabeni wonke.Namuhla, i-ISO inamazinga angaphezu kuka-20,000 izinkampani ezingabhekisela kuwo.

Ngo-1960, uWillis Whitfield wasungula futhi waklama igumbi lokuqala elihlanzekile.Amakamelo ahlanzekile aklanywe futhi aklanyelwe ukuvikela izinqubo zawo nokuqukethwe kunoma yiziphi izici ezingaphandle kwemvelo.Abantu abasebenzisa igumbi nezinto ezihloliwe noma ezakhiwe kulo bangase bavimbele igumbi elihlanzekile ekuhlangabezaneni nezindinganiso zalo zokuhlanzeka.Izilawuli ezikhethekile ziyadingeka ukuze kuqedwe lezi zinto eziyinkinga ngangokunokwenzeka.

Umuntu osebenzisa igumbi kanye nezinto ezihloliwe noma ezakhiwe ekamelweni angase avimbele igumbi elihlanzekile ekuhlangabezaneni nezindinganiso zalo zokuhlanzeka.Izilawuli ezikhethekile ziyadingeka ukuze kuqedwe lezi zinto eziyinkinga ngangokunokwenzeka.

Ku-US Federal Standard 209 (A kuya ku-D), inani lezinhlayiyana ezilingana nangaphezulu kuka-0.5µm zikalwa ku-cubic foot eyodwa yomoya, futhi lesi sibalo sisetshenziselwa ukuhlukanisa igumbi elihlanzekile.Leli temu lemethrikhi nalo lamukelwa enguqulweni yakamuva kakhulu ye-209E Yezinga.I-United States isebenzisa indinganiso ye-federal 209E ekhaya.Izinga lakamuva kakhulu yi-TC 209 evela ku-International Standards Organisation.Zombili lezi zindinganiso zihlukanisa igumbi elihlanzekile ngokusekelwe enanini lezinhlayiya ezitholakala emoyeni welabhorethri.Izindinganiso zokuhlukaniswa kwegumbi elihlanzekile FS 209E kanye ne-ISO 14644-1 zidinga izilinganiso zesibalo sezinhlayiyana ezithile kanye nezibalo zegumbi elihlanzekile noma amazinga okuhlanzeka kwendawo.E-United Kingdom, i-British Standard 5295 isetshenziselwa ukuhlukanisa igumbi elihlanzekile.Leli zinga lizothathelwa indawo yi-BS EN ISO 14644-1.

into efana ne-zero particle concentration.Umoya wegumbi elijwayelekile ucishe ube yisigaba 1,000,000 noma i-ISO 9.

I-ISO 14644-1 Amazinga wegumbi ahlanzekile

I-BS 5295 Amazinga wegumbi elihlanzekile

Ukuhlukaniswa kwegumbi elihlanzekile kulinganisa izinga lokuhlanzeka ngokubala usayizi nenani lezinhlayiya ngevolumu ngayinye ye-cubic yomoya.Izinombolo ezinkulu ezifana ne-“class 100″ noma “class 1000″ zibhekisela ku-FED_STD-209E, futhi zisho inani lezinhlayiya zosayizi ongu-0.5 µm noma ezinkulu ezivunyelwe nge-cubic foot ngayinye yomoya.Izinga libuye livumele ukuhunyushwa, ngakho-ke kungenzeka ukuchaza isib "ikilasi lika-2000."

Izinombolo ezincane zibhekisela kumazinga e-ISO 14644-1, acacisa i-logarithm yedesimali yenani lezinhlayiya ezingu-0.1 µm noma ezinkulu ezivunyelwe nge-cubic meter yomoya ngayinye.Ngakho-ke, isibonelo, i-ISO class 5 cleanroom inenani elingu-105 =Izinga le-100,000(izinhlayiya nge-m³).

Kokubili i-FS 209E ne-ISO 14644-1 ithatha ubudlelwano belogi phakathi kosayizi wezinhlayiyana nokugxiliswa kwezinhlayiyana.Ngaleso sizathu, ayikho into ebizwa ngokuthi i-zero particle concentration.Umoya wegumbi elijwayelekile ucishe ube yisigaba 1,000,000 noma i-ISO 9.